How does browser run code written in multiple programming languages?

 A browser is a software application that can display web pages and run web applications written in different programming languages. A browser can run code written in multiple programming languages by using different components and mechanisms to interpret or execute the code. Some of the common ways a browser can run code written in multiple programming languages are:

• HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: These are the core languages of the web that are supported by all browsers. HTML defines the structure and content of a web page, CSS defines the style and layout of a web page, and JavaScript defines the behavior and interactivity of a web page. A browser can parse and render HTML and CSS using its rendering engine, and execute JavaScript using its JavaScript engine. A browser can also use web APIs to provide JavaScript access to various features and functionalities of the browser and the web platform.
• WebAssembly: This is a new type of code that can be run in modern browsers. It is a low-level assembly-like language with a compact binary format that runs with near-native performance. WebAssembly can provide languages such as C/C++, C#, and Rust with a compilation target so that they can run on the web. WebAssembly can also run alongside JavaScript, allowing both to work together. A browser can load and run WebAssembly modules using the WebAssembly JavaScript APIs.
• Server-side languages: These are languages that run on a web server, such as PHP, Python, Ruby, Java, etc. These languages can generate dynamic web pages or web services based on user input or data from databases. A browser can request and receive data from a web server using HTTP or other protocols, and display or process the data using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, or WebAssembly.
• Plugins or extensions: These are additional software components that can extend the functionality of a browser or provide support for other languages or formats. For example, Flash Player is a plugin that can run Flash content in a browser, and TypeScript is an extension that can transpile TypeScript code into JavaScript code in a browser. However, plugins and extensions may not be widely supported or secure, and may require additional installation or configuration by the user.